喝酒到底有多伤身体？你一定想不到
Most people are familiar with the effects of alcohol - dry skin, brittle hair and a banging headache - but few of us give much thought to the long-term health implications.
大家都知道酒精会导致皮肤干燥、脱发、头疼，但是很少有人会考虑酒精对健康的长期影响。
According to nutritionist Gabriela Peacock of GP Nutrition, excessive drinking can not only cause short-term problems like an upset stomach and a dry mouth, it can also have a devastating impact on our brain, stomach and liver.
GP营养的营养学家加布里亚说，过度饮酒不但会短期的让胃出现问题、嘴巴干，还会对大脑、肝脏都会有毁灭性的影响。
The liver
肝
This organ helps to detoxify the body and process any chemicals, so if its being damaged by alcohol this could have detrimental effect on our bodies, says Gabriela.
加布里亚说，肝能帮助身体排毒、处理各种化学物质，一旦被酒精损伤，对人体会造成极大损害。
'Chronic alcohol use can irreversibly damage the liver and its ability to function and increases the risk of inflammation of the liver and liver disease.
“长期饮酒会对肝及其功能造成不可逆转的损伤，还会增加肝炎和其他肝疾病的风险。”
'Scar tissue is formed, known as cirrhosis. It is this scar tissue which can destroy the liver.'
“损伤组织一旦形成就会造成肝硬化，涉及整个肝。”
Your mind
大脑
'Long term exposure cause longer term frontal lobe damage to the brain affecting emotions, short term memory and coordination.
“长期饮酒造成长时间大脑额叶损伤，会影响情绪、短期记忆和协调能力。”
'The brain relies on a delicate balance of chemicals. Alcohol is a depressant, which means it can disrupt that balance, affecting our thoughts, feelings and actions – and sometimes our long-term mental health. '
“大脑依赖化学物质的微妙平衡，而酒精属于抑制剂，会破坏这种平衡，影响我们思考、感觉和行动，有时候还会影响长期的精神健康。”
Sleep
睡眠
'When you drink alcohol before bed you may fall into deep sleep quicker, ' Gabriela admits. 'This is why some people find drinking alcohol helps them drop-off to sleep.
“睡前喝酒可能会让你更快进入深度睡眠，这也是一部分人觉得酒精助眠的原因。”
'But as the night goes on you spend more time in this deep sleep and less time than usual in the more restful, Rapid Eye Movement (REM) stage of sleep.
“但是随着时间推进，你会花更多时间在深度睡眠阶段，更放松的快速眼动期睡眠反而少了。”
'Drinking can also cause more vivid dreams and more frequent trips to the loo which can disrupt sleep.'
“饮酒也会带来多梦，不断起夜上厕所也都会干扰睡眠。”
Your stomach
胃
Most hangovers leave us reaching for fatty carbs, Gabriela explains: 'The metabolism of alcohol can alter blood sugar balance by depleting your storage of glycogen, or carbohydrates. Glycogen is your body's preferred source of energy.
宿醉让我们想吃碳水化合物，加布里尔说：“酒精新陈代谢时会通过消耗储存的糖原或碳水化合物改变血糖平衡，糖原是人体更偏爱的食物来源。”
'So after you've used up most of your available glycogen stores to metabolize all that booze, you need more. As a result, you start to feel hungry.
“所以一旦体内储存的糖原消耗完，都被用来代谢酒精时，人就需要更多的能量，然后就会感到饥饿。”
'Since glycogen comes from carbs, you might find yourself with a particular craving for things like bread and sugar.'
“糖原来自碳水化合物，所以你可能会发现自己特别想吃面包和糖。”
How to repair our bodies
如何修复身体
Gabriela advises to include plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables in your diet when you're hungover.
加布里尔建议宿醉后对吃新鲜的水果蔬菜。
'Try adding spinach to your smoothies, make wraps with lettuce or snack on kale chips. While you should also ditch wheat, white flour, pastries, ice cream and excessive sugar.
“往果汁里加点菠菜，多吃莴笋、甘蓝薯片。当然也要丢弃小麦、白面、点心、冰淇淋和多余的糖。”
'Hydrate too, especially if you have had one too many alcoholic drinks. Water is invaluable for flushing toxins out of the body, promoting proper waste metabolism and circulation.'
“一旦饮酒过度就要多喝水。水能排除体内的毒素，非常宝贵，还能促进废料代谢循环。”
（翻译：阿忙）
