10种能够在核战争中幸存的物种(下)
mummichog
3.底鱂The rather delightful mummichog might sound like a mythical creature found at Hogwarts, but it is in fact just a simple fish.
听上去非常讨喜的底鱂似乎是在霍格沃茨生活的虚构生物，但实际上它只是一种简单的鱼。Fish are not typically great survivors, with changes in salt content, water temperature or pollution normally wiping them out. The mummichog is special, however, in that it can live anywhere.
鱼类一般不会属于"幸存者"，因为仅仅是含盐量、水温或者数目的变化就会让鱼类死亡。然而，底鱂非常特殊，因为它可以在任何地方生存。
It lives in the most polluted areas of sea which have severe chemical spills. It's also the only fish to have been to space.
它们能在海洋里污染最严重、有严重化学物质泄漏的地方生存。它们也是唯一到过太空的鱼类。Several were taken to the Skylab space station in 1973 for tests and it was found that they could swim in space and all their offspring were born as usual.
1973年，有几只底鱂被带到太空实验室中做测试。在测试中，科学家发现他们能够在太空中有游泳，并且它们的后代也一切正常。Their ability to survive is linked to their ability to turn genes on and off when required. This allows the fish to survive in any mixture of chemicals, any temperature and any salinity.
它们强大的生存能力来源于底鱂能在必要的时候关闭或者打开它们的基因按钮。这让这种鱼在任何化学物质里、任何温度中、任意含盐量之下生存。The fish have actually been observed "redesigning" body parts to cope with new environments. Any fish that can do that is surely a favorite for survival.
科学家们曾观察到它们在新环境中能够"重新构造"自己的身体。任何一种类似的鱼类无疑是最有可能的幸存者。Tardigrade
2.水熊虫Sounds like something out of Doctor Who, doesn't it? The tardigrade makes the list on account of it being what scientists call an "extremophile".
是不是听上去像是《神秘博士》里的东西？水熊虫能够被列于这张清单上的原因在于，科学家们把它归类于"嗜极生物"。This means they can withstand extremes that would put most animals to shame.
这意味着它们能够忍受对于很多动物来说都无法接受的极端环境。
They can be boiled, crushed, frozen, live in space, live without water and be brought back to life after being clinically dead for almost a decade.
它们能够被煮沸、被压碎、被冰冻、生存于太空、无水生存，并且在医学意义上死亡十年后，恢复生命。They only grow up to 1.5mm long as well so are less likely to be at risk from the explosion itself. This, coupled with their ability to survive everything, including radiation, makes them near certainties to survive nuclear war.
他们最长只能长到1.5毫米，所以他们不会遇到因数目激增而导致的问题。这一点，再加上他们能够在任何环境下生存的能力，也包括放射性环境，保证了它们在核战争中毫无疑问的生存者。ococcus Radioduran
1.耐辐射菌Nicknamed "Conan the bacterium" by scientists, this is the undoubted survivor. Tardigrades may be extremophiles but Conan is a "polyextremophile" meaning it is just generally better at everything than the already indestructible tardigrade.
被科学家戏称为"柯南微生物"的耐辐射菌，无疑是最有可能的幸存者。如果说水熊虫是嗜极生物，那么耐辐射菌就是超级嗜极生物，这意味着它比任何不可毁灭的微生物还要更厉害。Listed as the "most radiation resistant life form" by the Guinness Book of World Records at one point it is clear that this is one tough cookie.
被列入"最佳抗辐射生命形态"吉尼斯世界纪录，足以证明它是最佳具有抵抗能力的生物。
It is able to repair damaged DNA so quickly that scientists are trying to use it for help in treating humans. It is already used for cleaning up polluted areas and it is quite literally being used as a time capsule.
它能够迅速自我修复受损的DNA，而这让了科学家们试图将其应用于人类治疗中。现在，这个技术已被运用于清理污染领域中，而它确实也被当作时间胶囊而使用。In case of widespread death (say a nuclear war) a team of scientists discovered they can write a message in the DNA of the bacteria and 100 generations later, when they tested it, the message remained.
在会产生大量死亡的的情况下(例如核战争)，一个科学家团队在测试中发现如果在耐辐射菌的DNA中留下某种信息，这个信号可以一直流传到后面100代。当他们最后一次检测结果时，这个信号还一直存在。Like most bacteria, no one actually knows why it evolved resistance to everything but it is still being studied.
如同其他情况，没有人确切知道为什么耐辐射菌能够进化出如此之强的抵抗力，对它们的研究也在进行之中。So not only will future humans survive, they might actually be brought messages by a near indestructible bacteria species going by the name "Conan".
所以在未来，不仅仅是人类会存活下来，它们也会带着"柯南"这个名字一直作为不可毁灭的病毒生存下去。
