大千世界:你可能不知道的20种水果(上)
I was playing a game the other day, in which you have to come up with fruit that starts with every letter of the alphabet. Apple, banana, cherry…. and that is about where I hit a blank. My epic failure at this game made me do some research and what I discovered was a whole world of delicious looking fruit that I had never even known about! I was completely shocked to find that there are actually hundreds of different types of fruit (no need to include them all as omissions in the comments), most of which I had never even heard of. This list is not to rank the fruit, but rather just to inform you about them. The only fruit on this list I consider ranked is No: 1, as it deserves the spot, in clearly being the coolest fruit on the planet. How many of these exotically delicious fruit have you tried?
有一天，我正在打游戏，玩法是以字母表中的每一个字母依次开始，然后你必须想出某种水果。A——apple（苹果），B——banana（香蕉），C——cherry（樱桃）......然后在这我卡住了。这次游戏的“悲壮”失败促使我做了一些调查，这才发现，全世界有那么多长相甜美的水果，而我却闻所未闻！我震惊地发现，世界上竟有成百上千种不同类型的水果（这还不包括网友们在评论中指出我所遗漏的那些），而大多数我甚至从来都没听说过。以下列表并不是对水果排名，仅仅是为让你了解它们。列表中我唯一认真考虑的是排名第一的水果，排在这个位置，成为地球上最酷的水果，它当之无愧。这些奇特的美味水果，你又尝过多少？
20. Sugar AppleAnnona squamosa 番荔枝（拉丁名：Annona squamosa）
Sugar Apples or Sweetsop, is native to the tropical Americas, but is also widely grown in Pakistan, India and the Philippines. The fruit looks a bit like a pine cone, and are about 10 cm in diameter. Under the hard, lumpy skin is the fragrant, whitish flesh of the fruit, which covers several seeds inside, and has a slight taste of custard.
番荔枝，也称甜苹果，原产于热带美洲，但在巴基斯坦、印度和菲律宾群岛也已广泛种植。果实看上去有点像松果，直径约10厘米，坚硬的瘤状果皮下，是芳香的白色果肉，内含几粒种子，尝起来有点奶油冻的味道。
19. Mammee Apple/Mammea americana 曼密苹果（拉丁名：Mammea americana）
Mammee Apple, Mamey Apple or Santo Domingo Apricot is an evergreen tree, native to South America, which was introduced to various other regions of the world including West Africa and South East Asia. They can also be found in Florida and Hawaii. The Mammee apple is actually a berry and gets up to 20 cm in diameter. It has a thick outer rind, with soft orange to yellow pulp on the inside. It usually had one seed in the centre, but larger fruit have been known to carry up to 4. The pulp is sweet and fragrant.
曼密苹果，又称马梅苹果或圣多明哥杏，是一种常绿树种，原产地为南美洲，后被世界上很多地区引进种植，包括西非和东南亚，你也可以在佛罗里达州和夏威夷州发现它们。曼密苹果实际上是一种莓果，直径可达20厘米，果壳很厚，内部果肉柔软，颜色橙黄交织，通常在中心有一颗种子，但较大的果实种子可达4颗，果肉香甜。
18. CherymoyaAnnona cherimola 毛叶番荔枝（拉丁：Annona cherimola）
Cherymoya, or custard apple, is a deciduous plant found in the high lying mountainous areas of South America. The fruit is vaguely round and is found with 3 types of skin – Impressa (indented), Tuberculate (covered in nodules) or intermediate (a combination of the first two). The flesh inside the skin is very fragrant, white, juicy and has a custard like consistency. It is said that the fruit tastes like a combination of banana, passion fruit, papaya and pineapple. Mark Twain said in 1866 “ the most delicious fruit known to men, cherimoya”
毛叶番荔枝，又称软冻苹果，是南美洲连绵高山地带发现的一种落叶植物。果实隐约呈圆形，果皮有三种类型——凹痕状、结瘤状、或前两种形状的混合；内部的果肉芳香浓郁，白色多汁，肉质像奶油冻。据说水果吃起来像香蕉、百香果、番木瓜和菠萝四种水果的混合口味。马克.吐温在1866年说过“毛叶番荔枝是人类已知最可口的水果”。
17. PlatoniaPlatonia insignis 普拉藤果（拉丁名：Platonia insignis）
Platonia or Bacuri is a large tree (reaching 40m) found in the rain forests of Brazil and Paraguay. The fruit become the size of a orange, and have a thick yellow peel which oozes a yellow latex when pressed. Inside there is a sticky white pulp, wrapped around several black seeds, which tastes pleasant and has a sweet and sour flavor.
普拉藤果，又称包可果，是在巴西和巴拉圭热带雨林发现一种大型树种（树木高达40米），果实有橙子般大小，厚厚的黄色果皮受到挤压，就会渗出黄色的胶乳，内部是粘状的白色果肉，包裹着几粒黑色的种子，口味宜人，酸甜酸甜的。
16. CoconaSolanum sessiliflorum 科科纳果（拉丁名：Solanum sessiliflorum）
Cocona fruit is another tropical fruit found in the mountainous regions of South America. It grows on a small shrub, and can miraculously grow from seed to fruit in less than 9 months, after which the fruit will take another 2 months to ripen. The fruit is a berry and comes in red, orange or yellow. It has a similar appearance to tomatoes, and is said to taste like a mixture between tomatoes and lemons.
科科纳果是在南美洲山区发现的另一种热带水果，它结在一种小型灌木上，用不了9个月，种子便可奇迹般地长成果实，再过2个月便可成熟。科科纳果属于一种浆果，有红色、橙色和黄色，外型与西红柿相似，据说吃起来像西红柿和柠檬的混合味道。
15. BreadfruitArtocarpus altilis 面包果（拉丁名：Artocarpus altilis）
Breadfruit is a large tree, in the mulberry family, found native to the Philippines and all the islands in Southeast Asia. The fruit is similar to bananas, as they can be eaten raw when ripe, and cooked when unripe. The ripe fruit is soft and sweet, while the unripe fruit is harder and starchy, which is where it got the name breadfruit from, as it tastes similar to freshly baked bread when cooked.
面包树是一种桑科大树种，是菲律宾和东南亚所有岛国的特产。果实跟香蕉一样，成熟后可以生吃，未熟时可以煮着吃，成熟后香甜柔软，未熟时较硬，淀粉多，之所以叫面包果，是因为把它煮熟后，尝起来像新鲜出炉的面包。
14. DukuLansium domesticum 龙贡果（拉丁名：Lansium domesticum）
Duku or lungsat are two very similar fruits found throughout Asia. They come from the same family, look and taste identical, with one difference. The skin of the lungsat contains a latex substance, which is not poisonous, but causes the skin to stick slightly to the fruit, whereas the duku has no latex and the peel is removed with more ease. Inside, the fruit has 5 segments, some of which has bitter seeds inside. It is a very sweet fruit and can be prepared in a number of different ways, including being canned in syrup or being dried like raisins.
龙贡果和兰撒果在整个亚洲都可以找到，它们是两种极为相似的水果，属于同科，看上去和吃起来都相同，只有一点区别：兰撒果的果皮含有乳胶物质，无毒性，但会使果皮和果肉轻轻地粘在一起；而龙贡果果皮不含乳胶，果皮很容易剥开。果实分成5瓣，有些果瓣内种子较苦，果肉很甜，有多种不同的吃法，如制成罐装的糖浆，或晒成水果干。
13. SafouDacryodes edulis 非洲梅（拉丁名：Dacryodes edulis）
Safou is an evergreen tree found in the humid tropical forests of Africa, as far south as Angola, and as far north as Nigeria. The fruits are also known as African pears and are oblong dark blue to violet fruits up to 14cm in length, with pale green flesh inside. These fatty fruits have been said to have the ability to put an end to starvation in Africa, as 48% of the fruit is made up of essential fatty acids, amino acids, Vitamins and triglycerides. The have estimated that a one hectare plantation would be able to produce 7-8 tons of oil, and all parts of the plant can be used.
非洲梅是一种常绿树种，在非洲潮湿的热带雨林地区，南到安哥拉，北至尼日利亚均可见到。果实也称为非洲梨，椭圆形，果皮颜色深蓝色和紫色相间，长约14厘米，内部果肉呈浅绿色。据说这种含有脂肪的水果有能力终结非洲的饥饿问题，水果的48%是由必需脂肪酸、氨基酸、多种维生素和甘油三酸脂组成。据估计1公顷的水果园能够产出7到8吨的油，而且该果树的各个部分均有利用价值。
12. JabuticabaMyrciaria cauliflora 嘉宝果（拉丁名：Myrciaria cauliflora）
Jabuticaba, or the Brazilian grape tree, is a very strange plant native to the South Eastern parts of Brazil. What makes this plant so strange is that it fruits from its trunk. No, I did not make that up, and no the picture has not been photo shopped. Initially, yellowish white flowers will appear all over the trunk and main branches, these flowers will then turn into fruit, about 3 – 4cm in diameter. Inside the thick purple skin is the soft gelatinous flesh of the fruit, along with 1 – 4 black seeds. The fruit is sweet and can be eaten as is or made into a wine or liqueur. Unfortunately, the fruit does not keep long when off the tree and will start to ferment after about 3 or 4 days.
嘉宝果，又称巴西树葡萄，原产于巴西东南地区，它是一种非常奇怪的植物，果实直接长在树干上。不，不，不，上面这张图片可不是伪造的，绝对没有PS过。最初，整个树干和主枝上都会开满黄白色的花，花朵最终变成果实，直径约3到4厘米。在厚厚的紫色果皮内是软软的凝胶状果肉和1至4粒黑色的种子。果实很甜，可以直接食用或酿制果酒和利口酒。不幸的是，果实从树上落下后不能保存太长时间，3到4天后就开始发酵。
11. RambutanNephelium lappaceum 红毛丹（拉丁名：Nephelium lappaceum）
Rambutan is an odd fruit that looks like a furry strawberry from the outside, and much like a lychee on the inside. It is native to South East Asia, but has been spread and a smaller “wild” version can be found in Costa Rica, where it is called a Chinese sucker. The fruit is an oval shape and about 3-6 cm in diameter. Inside the slightly hard, but easily peal able skin, you can find a soft fruit that tastes slightly sweet, with a possible sour tinge.
红毛丹长相奇怪，外部看上去像一个毛茸茸的草莓，内部更像荔枝，原产于东南亚，现在广泛种植，在哥斯达黎加能够发现较小的“野生”红毛丹，称为“中国棒糖”。果实椭圆形，直径约3至6厘米，内部稍硬，很容易剥皮，撕开皮后，你会发现果肉柔软，吃起来微甜中透着酸。
小编有约：亲爱的朋友们，你们见过那种水果呢？
