2017考研英语完型填空模拟题及答案解析
考研完型填空属于比较难的一个题目，因为难于摸清规律，难于把握重点，难于归纳总结，同学们在考试中经常靠蒙，平时可以做一些模拟试卷，避免发生全靠蒙的情况发生。以下是本站小编推荐今年考研英语完型填空模拟题的知识，欢迎阅读!
Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.
As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.
Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .
I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.
1. A. HenceB. HoweverC. Anyway D. Furthermore
2. A. joyB. discomfortC. convenienceD. relief
3. A. considerationB. attentionC. belief D. concern
4. A. againstB. forC. inD. on
5. A. In consequenceB. On the other handC. In factD. After all
6. A. instinctivelyB. instantlyC. spontaneouslyD. reluctantly
7. A. sufferB. subjectC. submitD. sustain
8. A. certainB. sureC. doubtlessD. right
9. A. enteredB. joinedC. attendedD. involved
10. A. reasonB. persuade C. argueD. suggest
11. A. stopB. objectC. banD. prevent
12. A. entirelyB. likelyC. generallyD. possibly
13. A. likelyB. probableC. properD. possible
14. A. outB. forC. onD. up
15. A. ratherB. betterC. moreD. other
16. A. prohibitedB. protectedC. reservedD. cleared
17. A. FurthermoreB. ConsequentlyC. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere
18. A. ideaB. dutyC. senseD. responsibility
19. A. persistB. maintainC. stickD. adhere
20. A. in mindB. in headC. in heartD. in memory
2017考研英语完型填空模拟题答案解析1. 【答案】B. However
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. however 然而，正合题意。hence 因此;anyway(=in any case, at any rate) 无论如何;furthermore 而且，此外。根据逻辑意思应选 B. However。
2. 【答案】B. discomfort
【解析】本题测试逻辑型词义搭配. 从上文意思看，上句有pleasure 一词，however 表示语气转折，可见后面应选 discomfort, 形成对照。
3. 【答案】D. concern
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. express one’s concern about(or for, over)表达对….的关心，顾虑：1)He didn’t show much concern about (or for) it.
2) The Prime Minister expressed his concern over the strike that had lasted for two months or so.
consideration 考虑，思考：1) Your proposal is now under consideration. (你的建议正在考虑中。) 2) You should take these facts into consideration.
attention 注意：pay attention to, give attention to, devote attention to, draw attention to (吸引对…..的注意)，attract one’s attention(吸引某人的注意力)。
belief (in) 相信，信赖：I have great belief in his ability to succeed. 可见，consideration, attention 与 belief 均不切题。
4. 【答案】D. on
【解析】本题测试结构搭配. The effect of smoking on the health 吸烟对健康的影响。
5. 【答案】C. In fact
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配 fact 事实上，实际上。从上下文的意思来看，正合题意。in consequence 因此，on the other hand 另一方面，after all 毕竟，均不符合题意。
6. 【答案】D. reluctantly
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. reluctantly 勉强的;instinctively 本能的，天生的;spontaneously 自发地;instantly 立即。可见，reluctantly 正合题意。
7. 【答案】A. suffer
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. suffer vt./vi. 遭受，受到;正合题意。subject…to 使……受到…..：He was subjected to severe criticism.
submit vt. 1) 提交：We have submitted your request to the committee. 2) (与to 连用) vt./vi. 服从，听任：I refuse to submit (myself) to his control.
sustain vt. 1) 支撑: These two posts sustain the whole roof. 2) 经受，承受：She sustained a great loss in the death of her husband. 从上下文的逻辑意思和词义搭配来看，suffer 是正确的选择。
8. 【答案】C. doubtless
【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. doubtless 是副词，意为“一定，肯定，无疑”，例如 ：1) It was doubtless his own fault. 2) John will doubtless come on time as he always dose.
certain, sure, right 均为形容词，从语法结构上就可以排除这些选项。
9. 【答案】B. joined
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. join 参加(某个组织)：He joined the army last year.
join in 参加(某种活动)：1) The girl, Mary, joined in the conversation. 2) May I join in the game? enter 1)进入：He entered the sitting-room. 2) 参加，到…..里面工作：I refused to enter the discussion. 可见本题用entered 不妥,因为它是及物动词。3) enter into 开始(谈话，讨论等) ：He entered into an explanation. 4)enter for 报名参加：I shall enter for the new competition. attend 在搭配关系与逻辑意思上均不符合本题题意。如用involve，则需用被动态, be involved in 参加。例如：Many workers were involved in the strikes in 1946.(许多工人参加了1946年的大罢工。) 2) He is involved in a lot of extra work.(他参加了许多额外的工作。) attend vt. 出席：He attended the meeting yesterday.
10. 【答案】B. persuade
【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事。
reason vt. 通过讲道理是某人做某事，含有“说服”的意思，其搭配关系是：reason sb. into doing sth. 1) Let’s reason him into joining us. 2) I managed to reason him into complying with the traffic regulations. (我和他讲道理让他遵守交通规则。)
argue doing sth. 通过争论让某人做某事：They tried to argue him into joining them. suggest 后不能接sb. to do sth., 但可以接sb.’s doing sth., 例如：I suggested his staying instead of going there.
11. 【答案】C. ban
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. 虽然，ban, stop, object to, prevent 后均可以接动名词，但含义不同。ban 禁止：1) We will ban all smoking in our club. 2) Smoking is banned here in the train. stop 停止，阻止：The heavy rain has stopped them (or their) playing golf.
object to 反对：1) I strongly objected to being treated like a child.2) I object to your saying that. 3) She objected to us keeping animals.
prevent 防止，阻止：1) Of course, I can’t prevent your going. 2) A sever cold prevented him (from) attending the meeting. 3) We must preventing the rumor from spreading. 根据题意，只能选C. ban 才符合题意。
12. 【答案】A. entirely
【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配. entirely(= completely in degree)完全的：The goods were entirely unfit for sale. Entirely 常常修饰形容词，强调程度上“完全地”。generally 一般来说，从上下文逻辑关系来看，用generally不妥，因为说话者的态度是很明确，坚定的，故用entirely. likely 可能(发生)的;possibly 可能地，均不切题。
13. 【答案】D. possible
【解析】本题测试结构型词义搭配 is likely to do sth., It is right to do sth. 和 It is probable to do sth.都是错误的，应该用下列句型：It is likely that …..和 It is probable that ….. 可见本题只能选possible.
14. 【答案】C. on
【解析】本题测试惯用搭配. call on sb. to do sth. 号召某人做某事：The president called on his people to make sacrifice for the good of their country. call for sth. 需要;call sb. up 给某人打电话。
15. 【答案】A. rather
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配er than 是选择连词，意为：而不是。
16. 【答案】A. prohibited
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. prohibited sth. or sb. from doing sth.禁止或阻止某人做某事。prohibit 的其他搭配关系有：1) Many firms prohibit smoking in their shops. 2) Picking flowers in the park is prohibited. 3) His small size prohibited his becoming a policeman. 此句中的prohibit 意为“阻止”。4) Passengers are prohibited from smoking in the waiting-room. (禁止旅客在候车室里吸烟。)
17. 【答案】D. Elsewhere
【解析】本题测试逻辑搭配. elsewhere(=in, at, to some other place) 在别处，到别处。
18. 【答案】C. sense
【解析】本题测试词义搭配e 意识，观念;此句中意为“修养”。
本句译文：在其他地方，就要看你的修养了。
19. 【答案】B. maintain
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. maintain 保持，主张;正合题意。persist in 坚持：Don’t persist in doing what you shouldn’t.
stick to 坚持，坚持干，遵循：1) I stick to what I said yesterday. 2) He will stick to his task until it is finished. 3) Flying is simple if you stick to the rule.
adhere to 坚持，奉行：adhere to the reform and opening-up policy.
20. 【答案】A. in mind
【解析】本题测试词义搭配. have sb./sth. in mind 心中想着某人或某事： I don’t know who he has in mind for the job. (我不知道他心中想把这项工作交给谁干)
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为什么要考完型?如果只是考查词汇的话，原来的词汇题就不会去掉了。完型考的是全文之间的关系和对应。所以，做完型时首先应具备的思维是如何寻找到这个选项的对应——是全文的中心要求选这个选项?是段首的中心句要求选这个选项?还是这个句子的导向要求的?这是在15分钟里面一直要问自己的问题。接着我们要明白的是，完型的文章都是典型和稳定的总分结构，即全文总分以及每一段总分。那么在做题的时候我们的选项就要同时符合全文和本段的要求。
这意味着全文的中心和每一段的中心更重要吗?答案是否定的。因为中心只在一句至多两句里面体现，句中可能还有空，而论述则是长篇幅的，要说什么会慢慢展开，直到说透。所以，更重要的是，在弄清楚中心以后，甚至没弄清楚中心以前，对文章的发展进行整体把握。也就是说，在决定某一空选什么的时候，特别是段首空选什么的时候，我们应该把后面看完——因为前面是后面的总起，后面说的内容支撑了前面的论点。这也就是我们这拍你文章要介绍的一种完型答题技巧—后对应原则。
比如2002年完型第一段第一题：
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened ______. As was discussed before, it was not until 19th century that the newspapers became …….
[A] between [B] before [C] since [D] later
这一题很多同学就无从下手。一上来就说过去我们经常比较20世纪的一个东西和15、16世纪的一个东西(名词无所谓的)。注意，跟阅读一样，一上来说以前的东西一般都是老的、不对的，至少作者不赞同的观点。想不到这点也没关系，后面yet一转，把前面的这种比较否定掉，说其实很多东西发生在某个时期，更值得我们去研究，问大家什么时期。既然这是总起，那么后面一定就会马上讲到到底是什么时期，往后一看，后面马上说了一个19世纪的报纸就很重要。那么19世纪是前面两个时点的哪个位置就一目了然了，选[A]。当然，还有另一种解法，前面说了两个时间点，如果选before, since, later的话，到底是以哪个时间为标准?文中的其他地方也没有说清楚，故排除这三项。
从上例可以看出，从后面寻找出答案的对应十分重要。于是，我们可以定义，后对应原则就是，在前面寻找不出对应的情况下，往空后面找的一种做完型的原则。因为后面是对前面的发展和支撑。
有人想知道，应该找到多后面?把全文找完了才找出点东西岂不是太慢了?当然不会找那么多。前面已经说到完型的每一段几乎都自成总分结构，所以最多看完这一段就够了。在最开始通读全文的时候也建议关注首句，弄清每段的中心;找出逻辑词，看中间有没有发生转折;重视段尾，看本段的结果。这样就能抓住文章的脉络了。
我们来看2004年第三段：
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (29) ____ juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (30) ____ to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (31) ____ make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (32) ____ lead more youths into criminal behavior.
29. [A] affect [B] reduce [C] check [D] reflect
本段一上来就问社会结构的变化对犯罪率的影响。很容易排除[C]，因为只有人才能检查。是“影响”、“减少”还是“反映”?没有支撑。这是本段的总起，那么往后找支撑。在读的时候不要过分关注每一个空，因为先入为主会造成偏见，这是做完形最重要的心态之一。其实我们也能发现，就算不读空，也丝毫不影响文章的理解，比如：有些经济的变化，它们怎么了年轻人更少的工作和使得高收入工作变少和变难，结果怎么了更多年轻人犯罪。后面对着中心说，所以是社会变化增加了犯罪率。所以不能选[B]，[A]“影响”就包括了增加，所以为答案。如果是[D]“反映”，则关联松散，这里讲的是直接对犯罪率有明显的影响。从这个例子就可以看出句子段落的结构。
同学们的很多阅读习惯都不甚正确，一句话不读完，看到空就开始做，这是做完形最大的忌讳，比如1997年的完型真题：
The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive _______ avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens.
48. [A]but[B]while[C]and[D]whereas
这里选关系，很明显得判断上下文的导向是顺还是转。空前说这个现象为很多公司保持全球竞争力提供了一种方式，明显是褒义的;空后面来了一个偏贬的词：avoid。当然，后面的导向得看avoid了什么东西。如果躲避了一个好的东西，就应该是贬义的;如果规避了坏的东西，整个就是褒义的了。这里躲避的是市场周期，市场周期是好还是坏?很多同学没有专业背景，觉得市场周期、市场规律是科学的东西，所以是好的，进而就认为规避科学是坏事，在[A]和[D]里面选了。这种主观想出来的答案一般都是错的，因为完型考的是整体性，一定要寻找到支撑才算做出答案。如果我们看完的话，就会发现“躲避”这个词的后面不仅有“市场周期”，还有“日益增长的负担”。市场周期我们判断不出好坏，负担这个东西对于公司肯定是不好的，这两个东西之间由and连接，即并列关系，所以市场周期也是不好的。不要皱眉，因为这不由你臆测，文章说什么就是什么。文章怎么说?往后看。在这一题中，规避了不好的东西对于公司来说就变好的东西了，所以空前后都是褒义的，应该在while和and里面选择。空后的动词是-ing形式，而前面是一个句子并且没有分词，所以不是并列，排除and选while。当然，这一题的难度还在于同学们考研阅读做得太多了，一看到while就觉得是“然而”的意思，而忘记了while表“同时”的基本用法了。
看到这里我相信大家对于往后看已经有了一定的理解，我们再用两个的例子来强化一下：
2006年：
___5__ everyone agrees on the number of Americans who are homeless. Estimates _____ anywhere from 600,000 to 3 millions.
5 [A] Generally[B] Almost[C] hardly[D] Not
这一题上来就问每个人是否同意美国无家可归的人的数量。后面马上说估计从60万到300万不等，显然不是每个人都同意，选[D]。C几乎每个人都不同意太过夸张也没有根据。
Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that situation will improve only when there are ___17__ programs that address the many needs of the homeless. _____ Edward Zlotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts, _____ it, “There has to be ____ of programs. What’s needed is a packaged deal.”
17. [A] complex [B]comprehensive [C] complementary [D] compensating
本题是2006年完型最后一段的后部分，说只有当有一个什么样的计划时，无家可归的人的情况才能得到改进。如果光凭这句话，很容易选成[D]“补偿”，很多人想只有补偿他们才能改进。可是要时刻记得后面是发展和支撑。后面很规律地给出了一位学者的话作为支撑(阅读里面也经常这样)：那个人说，我们需要的是一个一揽子的交易和计划(最后一句话)。一揽子的计划是什么?说明不是单个计划，而是一些计划，所以应该选[B]“综合的，广泛的”。
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